Chapter III

The Mongols and the Horde

A warning, then an empire

The Mongol armies did not arrive as a brief raid. The sections below follow the first clash on the Kalka, Batu’s winter campaigns, the fall of Kyiv, and the long political order that took shape under the Horde.

1. 01The first encounter — Kalka, 1223
2. 02Batu comes west — Ryazan, Vladimir, the Sit
3. 03The fall of Kyiv
4. 04Life under the Horde

Start reading: The first encounter